UMAT isn't particularly 'fair'. A
study of ~120,000 first-time Australian UMAT sitters from 2000-12 suggested that total scores are lower for:
- Candidates from lower socioeconomic backgrounds - top 2 deciles 13.0%iles higher than the bottom 2 deciles. Also worth noting that 50.8% of the cohort were from the top 2 deciles, cf 6.9% from the bottom 2, suggesting systematic barriers for poorer students in even getting to the exam. Going to a private school unsurprisingly helped as well.
- Older candidates - linear decrease by age, with those >30yo scoring 22.7%iles lower than those <16yo. This one I found interesting, as it conflicts rather strongly with all my anecdotal evidence - they mirrored the gender stats, doing better in section 2, but not overall.
- People who speak a language other than English at home by 10.4%iles. Asian-speaking languages only 2.4%ile higher than average in section 3 as well, which is lower than the stereotype would have predicted.
- Indigenous students - 9.6%iles lower for Aboriginal, 6.2% lower for Torres Straight Islanders. Rather like the SES stats, only 0.5% of the cohort were indigenous students, compared with 3.0% of all Australians in your 2011 census. So again, that suggests systematic barriers in to even getting to the UMAT exam.
- Women by 3.6%iles (better in section 2 though).
- Rurality - progressively lower as you get more remote.
So it favours rich, white males. Which is pretty much what you'd expect. Some secondhand information I got regarding statistics kept by our Māori department also backs up that Australian finding for indigenous students.
And when you consider the ludicrous percentiles you need to even get an interview at most places, those deficits are pretty significant.